The fluoridation of the teeth is a measure in which the trace element fluorine is used for the prevention of tooth decay. In addition, it can bring existing, less pronounced tooth damage by decaying to a halt. Fluorides are the salts of hydrofluoric acid. For caries prophylaxis, especially three fluorides play an important role: sodium mono-fluorophosphate, amine fluoride, and stannous fluoride. The use of fluoride varnish technology really proves to be useful here.
Mechanisms
Caries is caused by the interaction of caries-causing microorganisms in the plaque, insufficient oral cleanliness, and malnutrition or frequent intake of sugar. Numerous additional influences can favor the formation of caries. Fluoride prevents caries formation through various mechanisms:
Fluoride reacts with the enamel on the surface: The surface of the tooth hardens and forms a covering layer, which protects against bacterial attacks.
The incorporation of the fluoride in the enamel makes the teeth less acid sensitive.